The Health Of A Water Food The Most Basic Needs Of Humans

Air †¦ water †¦ food †¦ the most basic needs of humans. Sounds relatively simple, right? Yet, an estimated 130 children under age 5 die every single day in Tanzania from malnutrition due to a lack of nutrient rich food. Malnutrition in its most basic form is the lack of nutrients needed for a body to be healthy and grow. The effects are both physical and mental causing stunted growth, fatigue, muscle weakness, weak bones and immune systems, problems with organ function, and in severe cases, death. Among developing countries in Africa, Tanzania has the third largest number of undernourished children. An estimated 42% of children under the age of 5 are malnourished. Although malnutrition can impact people of any age, the effects on infants†¦show more content†¦Tanzania’s livelihood is agriculture. Most rural families practice small-scale farming on plots of land about 2.5 acres in size. They grow corn, cassava, beans, rice, bananas, and sweet potatoes (drought resistance crop), most of the work completed by hand. In drier regions, they raise sheep, cattle, and goats. The major barriers that face the typical farm family are climate volatility and the lack of good infrastructure. These are two of the main things holding back Tanzania, from helping their agricultural industry improve. Climate volatility is a huge part in the lack of good crop production. A study showed, that for corn, there was a 12% yield loss, while rice had a 17% yield loss (The World Bank). That lead to farmers selling all of the crops grown for income, rather than sustenance for their families. The farmers need to meet the certain amount of income, and didn’t realize, that due they forgot about the expenses, they had for that year’s harvest. That caused them to have no food to feed their families with. One of the biggest barriers that affect families, is the lack of good infrastructure. The roads cover .089 Sq. Km. of Surface Area. The world average for road coverage of a country, is .46 Sq. Km. of Surface Area. The amount of paved roads they have, is .0076. This is prohibiting the people, from traveling to sell crops, to make a living, and provide for their families. Factors contributing to malnutrition

The Philosophy of Transcendentalism Essay - 1292 Words

Transcendentalism was a philosophy that became influential during the 1800s. It was based on the belief that knowledge is not limited to and solely derived from experience and observation but from the truths seem through reason. In the United Sates, transcendentalism became both a philosophy and a literary, religious, and social movement. Emphasis was placed mainly on oneness with nature and God while making the possibility of social change a reality. Ralph Waldo Emerson was the leading American transcendentalist whose theories were a primary influence in transcendentalist thought and writing. Through the knowledge and direction of Ralph Emerson, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau also became leading scholars of their time by†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Nothing is possible within our distinctively human world without creative insight and interpretation. His attention to what it means to make something new and his concern about the influence of the past, of books and monuments, mark him as an important figure in the production of a national literature† (Carr, 10). The Over-soul is the philosophy that the nature in which we reside creates our world in depth by means of our insight and interpretations. Emersons emphasis on nonconformity and integrity shows that the Over-soul creates a world through individuals; a thought that is similar to the romantic nationalism of nineteenth century Europe. â€Å"Emerson provides a framework for flexible relations to the world around us. American romantics, like their British and European predecessors, sought to revitalize the concepts of self, nature, and society in a climate of intellectual skepticism† (Allison, 1). Through British critical theory, Emerson asserts the miracle of nature perceived through symbols and supernaturalism. His theories profoundly influenced those of his successors and all subsequent American writing. â€Å"From his moment to ours, American authors either are in his tradition, or else in a counter tradition—originating to oppose him† (Bloom, 67). Through his extensive writings of books, essays and poetry, Henry David Thoreau gave the American public a deep insight to the new world ofShow MoreRelatedTranscendentalism, An American Philosophy1640 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican philosophers during the early to mid-1800s embraced a new liberal movement known as transcendentalism that posed a silent threat to the current social and political institutions of the time period. Henry David Thoreau acted as the father of this new philosophy that would go on to transform the social structure of America into what it is and is still becoming today. 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These prominent and poetic individuals created an insight for this movement, believingRead More Transcendentalism: The Philosophy Of The Mind Essay example1046 Words   |  5 Pages Transcendentalism: The Philosophy of the Mind nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Transcendentalism is the view that the basic truth of the universe lies beyond the knowledge obtained from the senses, a knowledge that transcendentalists regard as the mere appearance of things (Adventures 162). Transcendentalists believe the mind is where ideas are formed. The transcendentalist ideas of God, man, and the universe were not all original, but were a combination of other philosophies and religions. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;OneRead MoreEssay on Transcendentalism1619 Words   |  7 Pages Transcendentalism nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Many people have theories and philosophies about life in general. There have been hundreds of thousands of books published by many different people on the ideas of people in the past and the present. 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A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-five Free Essays

string(63) " gave the Hand the milk of the poppy, so he should not suffer\." Eddard Lord Arryn’s death was a great sadness for all of us, my lord,† Grand Maester Pycelle said. â€Å"I would be more than happy to tell you what I can of the manner of his passing. Do be seated. We will write a custom essay sample on A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-five or any similar topic only for you Order Now Would you care for refreshments? Some dates, perhaps? I have some very fine persimmons as well. Wine no longer agrees with my digestion, I fear, but I can offer you a cup of iced milk, sweetened with honey. I find it most refreshing in this heat.† There was no denying the heat; Ned could feel the silk tunic clinging to his chest. Thick, moist air covered the city like a damp woolen blanket, and the riverside had grown unruly as the poor fled their hot, airless warrens to jostle for sleeping places near the water, where the only breath of wind was to be found. â€Å"That would be most kind,† Ned said, seating himself. Pycelle lifted a tiny silver bell with thumb and forefinger and tinkled it gently. A slender young serving girl hurried into the solar. â€Å"Iced milk for the King’s Hand and myself, if you would be so kind, child. Well sweetened.† As the girl went to fetch their drinks, the Grand Maester knotted his fingers together and rested his hands on his stomach. â€Å"The smallfolk say that the last year of summer is always the hottest. It is not so, yet ofttimes it feels that way, does it not? On days like this, I envy you northerners your summer snows.† The heavy jeweled chain around the old man’s neck chinked softly as he shifted in his seat. â€Å"To be sure, King Maekar’s summer was hotter than this one, and near as long. There were fools, even in the Citadel, who took that to mean that the Great Summer had come at last, the summer that never ends, but in the seventh year it broke suddenly, and we had a short autumn and a terrible long winter. Still, the heat was fierce while it lasted. Oldtown steamed and sweltered by day and came alive only by night. We would walk in the gardens by the river and argue about the gods. I remember the smells of those nights, my lord—perfume and sweat, me lons ripe to bursting, peaches and pomegranates, nightshade and moonbloom. I was a young man then, still forging my chain. The heat did not exhaust me as it does now.† Pycelle’s eyes were so heavily lidded he looked half-asleep. â€Å"My pardons, Lord Eddard. You did not come to hear foolish meanderings of a summer forgotten before your father was born. Forgive an old man his wanderings, if you would. Minds are like swords, I do fear. The old ones go to rust. Ah, and here is our milk.† The serving girl placed the tray between them, and Pycelle gave her a smile. â€Å"Sweet child.† He lifted a cup, tasted, nodded. â€Å"Thank you. You may go.† When the girl had taken her leave, Pycelle peered at Ned through pale, rheumy eyes. â€Å"Now where were we? Oh, yes. You asked about Lord Arryn . . . â€Å" â€Å"I did.† Ned sipped politely at the iced milk. It was pleasantly cold, but oversweet to his taste. â€Å"If truth be told, the Hand had not seemed quite himself for some time,† Pycelle said. â€Å"We had sat together on council many a year, he and I, and the signs were there to read, but I put them down to the great burdens he had borne so faithfully for so long. Those broad shoulders were weighed down by all the cares of the realm, and more besides. His son was ever sickly, and his lady wife so anxious that she would scarcely let the boy out of her sight. It was enough to weary even a strong man, and the Lord Jon was not young. Small wonder if he seemed melancholy and tired. Or so I thought at the time. Yet now I am less certain.† He gave a ponderous shake of his head. â€Å"What can you tell me of his final illness?† The Grand Maester spread his hands in a gesture of helpless sorrow. â€Å"He came to me one day asking after a certain book, as hale and healthy as ever, though it did seem to me that something was troubling him deeply. The next morning he was twisted over in pain, too sick to rise from bed. Maester Colemon thought it was a chill on the stomach. The weather had been hot, and the Hand often iced his wine, which can upset the digestion. When Lord Jon continued to weaken, I went to him myself, but the gods did not grant me the power to save him.† â€Å"I have heard that you sent Maester Colemon away.† The Grand Maester’s nod was as slow and deliberate as a glacier. â€Å"I did, and I fear the Lady Lysa will never forgive me that. Maybe I was wrong, but at the time I thought it best. Maester Colemon is like a son to me, and I yield to none in my esteem for his abilities, but he is young, and the young ofttimes do not comprehend the frailty of an older body. He was purging Lord Arryn with wasting potions and pepper juice, and I feared he might kill him.† â€Å"Did Lord Arryn say anything to you during his final hours?† Pycelle wrinkled his brow. â€Å"In the last stage of his fever, the Hand called out the name Robert several times, but whether he was asking for his son or for the king I could not say. Lady Lysa would not permit the boy to enter the sickroom, for fear that he too might be taken ill. The king did come, and he sat beside the bed for hours, talking and joking of times long past in hopes of raising Lord Jon’s spirits. His love was fierce to see.† â€Å"Was there nothing else? No final words?† â€Å"When I saw that all hope had fled, I gave the Hand the milk of the poppy, so he should not suffer. You read "A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-five" in category "Essay examples" Just before he closed his eyes for the last time, he whispered something to the king and his lady wife, a blessing for his son. The seed is strong, he said. At the end, his speech was too slurred to comprehend. Death did not come until the next morning, but Lord Jon was at peace after that. He never spoke again.† Ned took another swallow of milk, trying not to gag on the sweetness of it. â€Å"Did it seem to you that there was anything unnatural about Lord Arryn’s death?† â€Å"Unnatural?† The aged maester’s voice was thin as a whisper. â€Å"No, I could not say so. Sad, for a certainty. Yet in its own way, death is the most natural thing of all, Lord Eddard. Jon Arryn rests easy now, his burdens lifted at last.† â€Å"This illness that took him,† said Ned. â€Å"Had you ever seen its like before, in other men?† â€Å"Near forty years I have been Grand Maester of the Seven Kingdoms,† Pycelle replied. â€Å"Under our good King Robert, and Aerys Targaryen before him, and his father Jaehaerys the Second before him, and even for a few short months under Jaehaerys’s father, Aegon the Fortunate, the Fifth of His Name. I have seen more of illness than I care to remember, my lord. I will tell you this: Every case is different, and every case is alike. Lord Jon’s death was no stranger than any other.† â€Å"His wife thought otherwise.† The Grand Maester nodded. â€Å"I recall now, the widow is sister to your own noble wife. If an old man may be forgiven his blunt speech, let me say that grief can derange even the strongest and most disciplined of minds, and the Lady Lysa was never that. Since her last stillbirth, she has seen enemies in every shadow, and the death of her lord husband left her shattered and lost.† â€Å"So you are quite certain that Jon Arryn died of a sudden illness?† â€Å"I am,† Pycelle replied gravely. â€Å"If not illness, my good lord, what else could it be?† â€Å"Poison,† Ned suggested quietly. Pycelle’s sleepy eyes flicked open. The aged maester shifted uncomfortably in his seat. â€Å"A disturbing thought. We are not the Free Cities, where such things are common. Grand Maester Aethelmure wrote that all men carry murder in their hearts, yet even so, the poisoner is beneath contempt.† He fell silent for a moment, his eyes lost in thought. â€Å"What you suggest is possible, my lord, yet I do not think it likely. Every hedge maester knows the common poisons, and Lord Arryn displayed none of the signs. And the Hand was loved by all. What sort of monster in man’s flesh would dare to murder such a noble lord?† â€Å"I have heard it said that poison is a woman’s weapon.† Pycelle stroked his beard thoughtfully. â€Å"It is said. Women, cravens . . . and eunuchs.† He cleared his throat and spat a thick glob of phelm onto the rushes. Above them, a raven cawed loudly in the rookery. â€Å"The Lord Varys was born a slave in Lys, did you know? Put not your trust in spiders, my lord.† That was scarcely anything Ned needed to be told; there was something about Varys that made his flesh crawl. â€Å"I will remember that, Maester. And I thank you for your help. I have taken enough of your time.† He stood. Grand Maester Pycelle pushed himself up from his chair slowly and escorted Ned to the door. â€Å"I hope I have helped in some small way to put your mind at ease. If there is any other service I might perform, you need only ask.† â€Å"One thing,† Ned told him. â€Å"I should be curious to examine the book that you lent Jon the day before he fell ill.† â€Å"I fear you would find it of little interest,† Pycelle said. â€Å"It was a ponderous tome by Grand Maester Malleon on the lineages of the great houses.† â€Å"Still, I should like to see it.† The old man opened the door. â€Å"As you wish. I have it here somewhere. When I find it, I shall have it sent to your chambers straightaway.† â€Å"You have been most courteous,† Ned told him. Then, almost as an afterthought, he said, â€Å"One last question, if you would be so kind. You mentioned that the king was at Lord Arryn’s bedside when he died. I wonder, was the queen with him?† â€Å"Why, no,† Pycelle said. â€Å"She and the children were making the journey to Casterly Rock, in company with her father. Lord Tywin had brought a retinue to the city for the tourney on Prince Joffrey’s name day, no doubt hoping to see his son Jaime win the champion’s crown. In that he was sadly disappointed. It fell to me to send the queen word of Lord Arryn’s sudden death. Never have I sent off a bird with a heavier heart.† â€Å"Dark wings, dark words,† Ned murmured. It was a proverb Old Nan had taught him as a boy. â€Å"So the fishwives say,† Grand Maester Pycelle agreed, â€Å"but we know it is not always so. When Maester Luwin’s bird brought the word about your Bran, the message lifted every true heart in the castle, did it not?† â€Å"As you say, Maester.† â€Å"The gods are merciful.† Pycelle bowed his head. â€Å"Come to me as often as you like, Lord Eddard. I am here to serve.† Yes, Ned thought as the door swung shut, but whom? On the way back to his chambers, he came upon his daughter Arya on the winding steps of the Tower of the Hand, windmilling her arms as she struggled to balance on one leg. The rough stone had scuffed her bare feet. Ned stopped and looked at her. â€Å"Arya, what are you doing?† â€Å"Syrio says a water dancer can stand on one toe for hours.† Her hands flailed at the air to steady herself. Ned had to smile. â€Å"Which toe?† he teased. â€Å"Any toe,† Arya said, exasperated with the question. She hopped from her right leg to her left, swaying dangerously before she regained her balance. â€Å"Must you do your standing here?† he asked. â€Å"It’s a long hard fall down these steps.† â€Å"Syrio says a water dancer never falls.† She lowered her leg to stand on two feet. â€Å"Father, will Bran come and live with us now?† â€Å"Not for a long time, sweet one,† he told her. â€Å"He needs to win his strength back.† Arya bit her lip. â€Å"What will Bran do when he’s of age?† Ned knelt beside her. â€Å"He has years to find that answer, Arya. For now, it is enough to know that he will live.† The night the bird had come from Winterfell, Eddard Stark had taken the girls to the castle godswood, an acre of elm and alder and black cottonwood overlooking the river. The heart tree there was a great oak, its ancient limbs overgrown with smokeberry vines; they knelt before it to offer their thanksgiving, as if it had been a weirwood. Sansa drifted to sleep as the moon rose, Arya several hours later, curling up in the grass under Ned’s cloak. All through the dark hours he kept his vigil alone. When dawn broke over the city, the dark red blooms of dragon’s breath surrounded the girls where they lay. â€Å"I dreamed of Bran,† Sansa had whispered to him. â€Å"I saw him smiling.† â€Å"He was going to be a knight,† Arya was saying now. â€Å"A knight of the Kingsguard. Can he still be a knight?† â€Å"No,† Ned said. He saw no use in lying to her. â€Å"Yet someday he may be the lord of a great holdfast and sit on the king’s council. He might raise castles like Brandon the Builder, or sail a ship across the SunsetSea, or enter your mother’s Faith and become the High Septon.† But he will never run beside his wolf again, he thought with a sadness too deep for words, or lie with a woman, or hold his own son in his arms. Arya cocked her head to one side. â€Å"Can I be a king’s councillor and build castles and become the High Septon?† â€Å"You,† Ned said, kissing her lightly on the brow, â€Å"will marry a king and rule his castle, and your sons will be knights and princes and lords and, yes, perhaps even a High Septon.† Arya screwed up her face. â€Å"No,† she said, â€Å"that’s Sansa.† She folded up her right leg and resumed her balancing. Ned sighed and left her there. Inside his chambers, he stripped off his sweat-stained silks and sluiced cold water over his head from the basin beside the bed. Alyn entered as he was drying his face. â€Å"My lord,† he said, â€Å"Lord Baelish is without and begs audience.† â€Å"Escort him to my solar,† Ned said, reaching for a fresh tunic, the lightest linen he could find. â€Å"I’ll see him at once.† Littlefinger was perched on the window seat when Ned entered, watching the knights of the Kingsguard practice at swords in the yard below. â€Å"If only old Selmy’s mind were as nimble as his blade,† he said wistfully, â€Å"our council meetings would be a good deal livelier.† â€Å"Ser Barristan is as valiant and honorable as any man in King’s Landing.† Ned had come to have a deep respect for the aged, white-haired Lord Commander of the Kingsguard. â€Å"And as tiresome,† Littlefinger added, â€Å"though I daresay he should do well in the tourney. Last year he unhorsed the Hound, and it was only four years ago that he was champion.† The question of who might win the tourney interested Eddard Stark not in the least. â€Å"Is there a reason for this visit, Lord Petyr, or are you here simply to enjoy the view from my window?† Littlefinger smiled. â€Å"I promised Cat I would help you in your inquiries, and so I have.† That took Ned aback. Promise or no promise, he could not find it in him to trust Lord Petyr Baelish, who struck him as too clever by half. â€Å"You have something for me?† â€Å"Someone,† Littlefinger corrected. â€Å"Four someones, if truth be told. Had you thought to question the Hand’s servants?† Ned frowned. â€Å"Would that I could. Lady Arryn took her household back to the Eyrie.† Lysa had done him no favor in that regard. All those who had stood closest to her husband had gone with her when she fled: Jon’s maester, his steward, the captain of his guard, his knights and retainers. â€Å"Most of her household,† Littlefinger said, â€Å"not all. A few remain. A pregnant kitchen girl hastily wed to one of Lord Renly’s grooms, a stablehand who joined the City Watch, a potboy discharged from service for theft, and Lord Arryn’s squire.† â€Å"His squire?† Ned was pleasantly surprised. A man’s squire often knew a great deal of his comings and goings. â€Å"Ser Hugh of the Vale,† Littlefinger named him. â€Å"The king knighted the boy after Lord Arryn’s death.† â€Å"I shall send for him,† Ned said. â€Å"And the others.† Littlefinger winced. â€Å"My lord, step over here to the window, if you would be so kind.† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Come, and I’ll show you, my lord.† Frowning, Ned crossed to the window. Petyr Baelish made a casual gesture. â€Å"There, across the yard, at the door of the armory, do you see the boy squatting by the steps honing a sword with an oilstone?† â€Å"What of him?† â€Å"He reports to Varys. The Spider has taken a great interest in you and all your doings.† He shifted in the window seat. â€Å"Now glance at the wall. Farther west, above the stables. The guardsman leaning on the ramparts?† Ned saw the man. â€Å"Another of the eunuch’s whisperers?† â€Å"No, this one belongs to the queen. Notice that he enjoys a fine view of the door to this tower, the better to note who calls on you. There are others, many unknown even to me. The Red Keep is full of eyes. Why do you think I hid Cat in a brothel?† Eddard Stark had no taste for these intrigues. â€Å"Seven hells,† he swore. It did seem as though the man on the walls was watching him. Suddenly uncomfortable, Ned moved away from the window. â€Å"Is everyone someone’s informer in this cursed city?† â€Å"Scarcely,† said Littlefinger. He counted on the fingers on his hand. â€Å"Why, there’s me, you, the king . . . although, come to think on it, the king tells the queen much too much, and I’m less than certain about you.† He stood up. â€Å"Is there a man in your service that you trust utterly and completely?† â€Å"Yes,† said Ned. â€Å"In that case, I have a delightful palace in Valyria that I would dearly love to sell you,† Littlefinger said with a mocking smile. â€Å"The wiser answer was no, my lord, but be that as it may. Send this paragon of yours to Ser Hugh and the others. Your own comings and goings will be noted, but even Varys the Spider cannot watch every man in your service every hour of the day.† He started for the door. â€Å"Lord Petyr,† Ned called after him. â€Å"I . . . am grateful for your help. Perhaps I was wrong to distrust you.† Littlefinger fingered his small pointed beard. â€Å"You are slow to learn, Lord Eddard. Distrusting me was the wisest thing you’ve done since you climbed down off your horse.† How to cite A Game of Thrones Chapter Twenty-five, Essay examples

Specialty Practice for Labor and Delivery Nurses- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSpecialty Practice for Labor and Delivery Nurses. Answer: Nursing specialists play a significant role in managing patients suffering from both acute and chronic illnesses. Nurse specialists are required to be registered nurses with high standards of clinical prowess and ought to have diverse skills and knowledge to expand their practices. Notably, a registered nurse profession comes along with significant responsibilities and complexities. Labor and delivery nurse specialists play a more significant role in caring for women during delivery. They take care of the newly born offspring; treat the various complications among the women who have delivered as well as the babies (Shields, 2013). This group of nurse specialists possesses brilliant quick decision-making skills and critical thinking. They help in educating mothers and families for the phases of giving birth and assist a patient with breastfeeding guidelines instantaneously after childbirth. Labor and delivery nurses care for females during childbirth and labor. They monitor the baby a s well as the mother and coach the mothers on best practices. Theyassist mothers with gynecologic care and contraceptive control. In the same token, the labor and delivery nurses maintain safe working environment and hygiene in acquiescence with the health care measures. They also research to improve the healthcare outcome and nursing practices. Conspicuously, labor and delivery nurses aid in bringing individuals to the globe every day, therefore, require multifaceted skills and advanced level of education to carry out their duties effectively. There have been several advances over the years toconsiderably improve nurse's safety. Healthcare personnel are being confronted with job risks such as blood borne pathogens. A healthy nurse is defined as one who enthusiastically focuses on maintaining and establishing a balance as well as a synergy of emotional, intellectual, and physical health. One of the ways through which healthcare facilities may keep empathy fatigue from occurring includes ensuring that workers aid program is put in place. According to Lim, Bogossian Ahern (2010), the team ought to come in after a traumatic scenario to assist workers to deal with the experience and debrief, because if debriefing is not put in position, cumulative effect might exist, and the nurse may burn out so nippily. Subsequently, reducing burnout may encompass a passage of national law which would need health care facilities to offer minimum nursing staffing consistently (Trinkoff et al. 2008). It is important to note that the nurses oper ate under a code of conduct which requires them to consolidate patient confidentiality, offer quality care, and treat the patients with a lot of dignity. Online Module Two Carers play a vital role in the healthcare sector and ought to be appropriately supported and recognized, and the government ought to play its part in this. According to Herring (2007), carers are persons who look after a friend or relative who require support due to mental illness, physical disability, and age. The carers play a significant role in offering information to the healthcare personnel; however, they have been ignored in the decision-making process, and they have no legal directive presently. In spite of the joys which caring provide, itcarries with it substantial demerits, for example, the caring team experience social exclusion and isolation, from failing to recognize their essential roles in the society. Carers habitually suffer poverty after retiring and feel depression, anxiety, stress as well as lack of sleep because of caring all the time. Legislation should be done to pass specific acts which will require particular attention to be paid to the caring teams wish fo r leisure, training, learning, and employment opportunities. Lovatt et al. (2015), advocates that carers should have the right to vouchers, direct payment, and support services. It is significant to put in place policy and legal framework which recognize the vital role of individuals who support and care for lives of persons with various disabilities. Gold, Philip, McIver, and Komesaroff (2009), argue that patients right to privacy is quite fundamental in health care since the medical practitioners assume the responsibility of a guardian. Nonetheless, as a patients health deteriorates, doctors are repeatedly confronted by the prerequisite of protecting patients privacy whereas addressing the patients expectations. The physicians may find themselves between a rock and a hard place regarding the patients information. In this regards, the carer act as an intermediary between the patient and the physician by conveying the patients progress. The partnership amid patients, their carers, and medical practitioners within the modern healthcare aid in quality service delivery. Mason, Laurie, and Smith (2013) advocate that having the carers in the healthcares law and ethics would enable the caring team to undertake their responsibilities without experiencing any fatigue due to long working hours. The law and ethics would be able to distingui sh and specify the realm of the carers, and they will feel motivated in their undertakings to provide services for the patients. The ethics law would also curtail some of the bad experiences patients always receive from their carers as a result of diverse beliefs, customs, and traditions. Online Module 3 The perception and comprehension of dying, illness, health as well as the experience of anyones death is a personal stuff, and the connotation a personality attributes to it differs from individual to individual. As a nurse, it is essential to understand that various persons view the mentioned experiences and concepts in a multiplicity of ways, and some of the ideas can consternate us as nurses. My experience regarding health, illness, dying, death, and disease are socially established based on diets, injuries, culture, environment, and gender issues within the health care. Some deaths occur due to bladder cancers in women while others occur due to terminal illness. A terminally sick person passes many phases of emotional acceptance whereas in the dying process. Firstly, there is isolation and denial followed by resentment and anger after which the individual craves to escape the inexorable. As a nurse, I believe that every individual has a right to life, therefore, must get quality healthcare services to continue with life. A lot of people believe that the spread of illnesses is highly expedited by ethnic beliefs as well as the socioeconomic status of persons. Some people also believe that the current technologies result in chronic diseases such as cardiac arrest. Dying patients should seek resuscitation if possible to help save their lives. In the same token, consumption of hard drugs such as cigarettes has also led to several diseases such as cancer (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). People fail to acknowledge the side effects of such substances and spread them to others. Many women also do have miscarriages due to smoking. It, therefore, goes without saying that some of the illnesses are brought by human beings themselves. Healthy living is an essential aspect since it helps in shunning wastage of resources in hospitals due to treatment. According to Kim (2017), death is a painful process which should only come naturally but not because of diseases which can be prevented by individual human beings. Societies and families do not experience happiness when their member is sick or dead. Remarkably, dying, illness and death have become normal nowadays because of failure to adhere to healthcare principles. Individuals take part in activities which are deemed dangerous, therefore, deteriorating their health, causing diseases, and eventually leading to death. My perception and experience in regards to illnesses, dying, and death is emotional since it pains me when a patient loses a life on my watch. References Gold, M., Philip, J., McIver, S., Komesaroff, P. A. (2009). Between a rock and a hard place: exploring the conflict between respecting the privacy of patients and informing their carers. Internal Medicine Journal, 39(9) Herring, J. (2007). Where are the carers in healthcare law and ethics?.Legal Studies,27(1), 51-73. Kim, Y. J. (2017). A Study on the Types of Perception of Death among Korean Elders by Using Q Methodology. International Information Institute (Tokyo). Information, 20(1A), 229. Lim, J., Bogossian, F., Ahern, K. (2010).Stress and coping in Australian nurses: a systematic review.International Nursing Review,57(1 ) Lovatt, M., Nanton, V., Roberts, J., Ingleton, C., Noble, B., Pitt, E., ...Munday, D. (2015). The provision of emotional labour by health care assistants caring for dying cancer patients in the community: A qualitative study into the experiences of health care assistants and bereaved family carers. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 52(1), 271-279. Mason, K., Laurie, G., Smith, A. M. (2013).Mason and McCall Smith's law and medical ethics.Oxford University Press. Plank, A., Mazzoni, V., Cavada, L. (2012).Becoming a caregiver: new family carers' experience during the transition from hospital to home. Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 21(13/14), 2072- Shields, L. (2013).A personal essay on the role of the nurse.Contemporary nurse,43(2), 213-218. Trinkoff, A. M.,Geiger-Brown, J. M.,Caruso, C. C.,Lipscomb, J. A.,Johantgen, M.Nelson, A. L., ...Selby, V. L.(2008).Personal safety for nurses.In R. G. Hughes (Ed.).,Patient Safety and Quality: an Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses(pp. 1-36). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). US Department of Health and Human Services. (2014). The health consequences of smoking50 years of progress: a report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 17.

Martha Ballards Diary free essay sample

An examination of the book A Midwifes Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard, Based on her Diary, 1785-1812 by Laurel Thatcher Ulrich which describes the life of women in this period in Northern New England. This paper examines the lives of women in colonial America by studying this unique work which is written in diary form by a woman named Martha Ballard. The aim of the author of this book was to show historians that information about women in this period does exist, as they are often over-looked in history books. This paper shows how this book is a rich source of the personal and social struggles of women in this era. Laurel Thatcher Ulrichs strips away the justification that historians often call on to validate their disregard of womens lives in colonial America, which the essential documents do not exist. Perceptively creatively combing through household inventories, account book, court files, indentures, captivity recounting and mens diaries. We will write a custom essay sample on Martha Ballards Diary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The author shows the complex richness and truth of women role and lets the modern reader listen to women voices from their oral traditions. Ulrich is immersed in the homely information of the colonial life. She shows a genuine appreciation of colonial society imparting the multiple contradictions of its patriarchal, hierarchical and common values, its religiosity and earthiness.

How to Make Font Size Bigger or Smaller on Your Screen

How to Make Font Size Bigger or Smaller on Your Screen When you encounter a screen with a font thats too small, you can easily adjust it with a few keyboard shortcuts, your browser, or settings within your computer. The steps you take vary depending on what kind of computer you are using, a Mac or PC. Both types of computers allow you to quickly change font size, but the keys you need to hit are different. Keyboard Shortcut for Zoom If youre using a PC, hold down the Ctrl key while also tapping the or - key. Youll find the Ctrl (which means control) key on the lower left-hand part of the keyboard to zoom in and out. The   and - keys are located near the top right-hand corner of the keyboard. These actions trigger a zoom function, that lets you enlarge the screen youre viewing (the sign) or zoom out using the - key. On a Mac, the function is similar, except youll use the Command key with the or - keys. The Command key usually says Command on it and displays a symbol such as âÅ'Ëœ. Youll find it toward the bottom  left corner  of the keyboard. The and - keys are near the top right-hand corner of the keyboard, similar to the configuration for the PC. The zoom functions work across a variety of platforms, including browsers and various software such as Microsoft Word and Adobe Creative Suite products. Windows Change Font Size Buttons You can also change the font size on your computer by using software commands. To change the font on your desktop or folders in Windows 10, Windows Central  describes the process: Right-click on your  desktop and select Display settings.Use the slider to change the size of the text. If you want to temporarily enlarge a portion of the screen, use the built-in magnifier, notes Windows Central. You can  quickly  open it by using the keyboard shortcut  Windows key and the plus sign ()  to zoom in and minus sign (-) to zoom out. Use  Windows key and Esc  to exit the magnifier. Mac Font Size Changes In order to increase the font size on your Mac, you can lower your  computers resolution, change the size of the desktop icons, and increase the size of a sidebar size. From the main Apple menu, select System Preferences.Choose the Displays Menu.Choose the scaled button in the Resolution area.In the next window, select a lower resolution size. You can also change the font size for desktop icons by right-clicking on your desktop and choosing Show View Options. In the window that pops up, youll see options for icon size, grid spacing, text size, and label position. Use these controls to alter your screen view until it meets your needs. Browser Font Adjustment You can also adjust the font size in your browser: Firefox: Select tools - options - content - font, and color. Here, you can change the default font size for the browser. Note that some websites have their font size set and the browser can’t always change it.Safari: From the Safari menu, choose Preferences. Under the advanced tab look for the accessibility section and click the button for Never use font sizes smaller than and choose the font size that best meets your needs.Internet Explorer: Select menu - view - text size. Or, depending on the version, there may be a slider in the bottom right corner you can move to increase the page size, much like zoom.Google Chrome: From the Chrome menu, choose Preferences. This will open a settings window. Scroll down to the Appearance section, find the font size drop-down menu and choose your font size, which ranges from very small to very large. Source Guim, Mark. How to make text, apps, and other items bigger in Windows 10. Windows Central, August 18, 2015.

Managment Information System Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managment Information System - Case Study Example The retailers on the Amazon system are directly affiliated with the company which ensures the customers that the products that they will receive will be the same which they might get from original stores. When customer purchases any item, the Amazon system is designed in a way that it recommends similar items purchased by other customers widening the choice and availability of products to customers. The system also remembers customers’ every purchase and reminds them of the items they have already purchased making virtual shopping hassle free. In addition to this, the shipping procedure of Amazon also makes its stand out among the competitor. Any order that is placed by the customer is connected to the Amazon distribution centers that determine the best and cheapest way to ship the product. This data is calculated by the automatic system and the customer receives the full shipping information under two minutes. For a service such as the Amazons’ customers are willing to shop here even if they can find better prices elsewhere. The company wanted the entire system to be automatic from online ordering to coordination of distribution to the concept of almost-in-time inventory control applications. Since Amazon was new entering the cyber-world with a new conceptual idea, it had to build its technology from scratch as no such technology had been built previously. In addition, the data systems from stores, retailers, and merchants had to be connected to Amazon’s servers in real-time to provide current information to the customers. As the company kept growing, it introduced more ideas into its website for customers that required building and integrating new technology to the existing systems. To cater these needs, Amazon built its system from scratch. Besides this, Amazon wanted to have an advantage in the e-business by developing homemade applications and not relying on any legacy systems. Amazon

Read a case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Read a - Case Study Example The objective was to encourage as many people as possible to refer their friends and family such that they could have a significant number of free customers. They were hoping that since on average 20 percent of free customers turn premium, they could increase the potential customer base. The method was immensely successful in and in 2010; there was an increase 2.8 users who were referred by the 4 million paying customers. It is approximated that the Dropbox accounts each yielded a 12% referral rate, which was likely understated given the fact that many people target even non-acquaintances. In 2013, the company’s conversion from free to premise rose from 1.4 to 4%, which boosted the revenue to between $200 and $240 million dollars of annual income. The success rate was so high that other internet firms began to copy the freemium model as a way to get new clients without significant cost in their marketing budget. Another positive impact of the strategy was that it was copied by other firms outside the cloud storage business with the 100 top rating apps in Apple store using it in 2013. While there are no precise figures for how many of the firms using the technology were successful, there is no doubt that many of those that did have substantively grown their cu stomer base. In fact, the model was so successful that some firms like Spotify, an online radio channel had a conversion rate of 20%. There were nevertheless some disadvantage to this strategy; some of the companies that tried to model it ended up going bankrupt since the bulk of their clients did not convert to the premium service. In addition, given that Dropbox’s clients were mostly free, it means that much of their attention had to go to them while they may have been better off servicing the paying ones. Moving forward, it is hard to determine if the company can expect to make any more progress from the method since the firm is already a market giant and

BG Group plc Accounting Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

BG Group plc Accounting - Coursework Example Of the three business segments of the company, the E&P segment is the largest in terms of non-current assets subject to impairment issues. Oil and gas exploration is a capital intensive activity and all costs incurred are capitalized as intangible assets until oil or gas is discovered. Once the reserves are proven, these costs are transferred to property, plant and equipment in the company balance sheet. Costs incurred on unsuccessful oil and gas fields are written off in the in the income statement (BG Report 2011, pp 89). This method of accounting based on â€Å"successful efforts† is not a term defined in the IFRS 6 but used by the oil and gas industry as a carry over from previous GAAP practices (KPMG, 2008). BG plc does not differentiate between development fields and production fields. This too is inline with accepted industry practice (KPMG, 2008). Non current assets are reviewed at least once a year for impairment. As on 31 December 2011, BG Group held a balance of $ 4,383 million in expenditure related to unproved oil and gas reserves within the category of intangible assets. In the previous accounting year, this figure was higher at $5,342 million (BG Report 2011, pp 89). For assessment of impairment, BG plc combines oil and gas production fields into cash generating units based on geographical location, use of common facilities and marketing arrangements (BG Report 2011, pp90). This disclosure is not usually made in Oil company reports (KPMG, 2008) and is therefore an improvement on industry practice. BG plc uses the net present value of future cash flows for impairment assessment using certain short term and long term assumptions depending on the nature of the asset. The Exploration & Production business segment is particularly sensitive to commodity prices. Impairment testing of oil and gas properties is based on assessment of proven and probable reserve estimates using the SEC definition (BG

Discussion Of Strategic Human Resources Management

Discussion Of Strategic Human Resources Management In this particular task we will discuss the Strategic Human Resource Management. What it is, what is the importance of SHRM in the modern business, purpose and the contribution of SHRM in the business. With the increased global competition and the innovation of new technology and knowledge ,human resource management became the most critical function of organisation. Therefore, the workforce which was considered as resources became assets and are valuable for gaining competitive advantage for organisation. HRM helps organisation in aligning individual goals and objectives with the corporate goals and objectives, and rather than working as dictator HRM works as facilitator and promotes participative approach of workforce. In short, the SHRM focuses on the efficient and effective management of people in achieving the organizations vision or purpose. Conceptually, the SHRM goes beyond a set of coordination functions and activities of an organizations human resources. One of the fundamental ideas underlying the SHRM theory is that the organization can create a strategic fit or synergy between its HR strategies and organizational strategies. In other words, the organization should be able to side with its HR strategies and policies with whatever their organization might exist for. SHRM if designed carefully can become the driving force for organizational success. For, it is the HR that stands in the key position to influence growth and development of any organization. Variables such as customers and stakeholders, the quality of products or services, revenues or development outcomes are greatly determined by HR strategies and polices. Definition of SHRM Strategic human resource management can be defined as the linking of human resources with strategic goals and objectives in order to improve business performance and develop organizational culture that foster innovation, flexibility and competitive advantage. In an organisation SHRM means accepting and involving the HR function as a strategic partner in the formulation and implementation of the companys strategies through HR activities such as recruiting, selecting, training and rewarding personnel. [ezinearticles.com,2010] Task 1.1 Importance of SHRM With the hard core competition and the tough market conditions it is getting hard for the organisations to survive in the market .organisation have to develop themselves in such a way that they can survive and gain competetive advantage over its competitors.this is where shrm comes into picture as SHRM helps in the long term planning of the business.SHRM is a proactive management of people. It is a two way process where organisation meeting need of people and employees meeting needs of organisation SHRM helps in aligning individual goals with that of organisational goals and objectives by developing the skills of the employees by training and motivating employees. SHRM have provided new dimension for training and development by encouraging and facilitating innovation and creativity. Employees are motivated by enriching their work experience . Instead of the performance Appraisal s performance and talent management have taken place. Strategic Human Resource Management blurs the distinction between a specialized Human Resource Management function and core operational activity, SHRM Aims to achieve strategic fit by integrating Hr strategies and business strategies vertically. {Adopted from: People management} DESTS Strategic Human Resource Management Framework According to survey in 2007 by Australian government a DEST Strategic Human Resource Management Framework is designed which explains the development of the department which shows to retain talented people in challenging environment department is introducing new and innovative strategies while delivering fundamental human resource services like the salaries, payroll and recruitment. A strong emphasis on leadership is used as a key strategic element to help and support for department people. the department has built and maintained a creative and engaged workforce able to deliver the growing and diverse education, science and training agenda. {Adopted from: Curtin.edu,2011} This diagram illustrates the HRM function factor are the specific factors that influence the compatability of HR practices ,while firm level factors are analysed as major determinants for matching hr activities with strategy.personal factors which embrace the capabilities of both employees and manager are identified as common determinants for both horizontal and vertical fit. Task 1.2 Purpose of SHRM The aim of SHRM is to ensure that the strategic decisions are made having a major long-term impact on the behaviour and success of the organisation by ensuring that the employees of the organisation are skilled, motivated and highly committed to achieve the organisational goals and also attain the competitive advantage against other rivals. Some of the SHRM activities are listed as below: Resourcing:SHRM main activity is to have right people to do the right job at the rightime.Main emphasis is laid on the efficiency and effectiveness of staff.resourcing is a process and pay.which have planning,recruitment, selection ,induction. Retention: once the staff is hired emphasis is laid on the retention of staff by providing them necessary training and development, by motivating them, by providing them job security ,job enlargement and using the reward management like the the performance related pay. Flexibility: employees are provided with the flxibilty of work life balance, getting job done from home, like the part tiome jobs for students and mums and the maternity or the paternity holidays and the sick holidays to retain staff. Therefore the purpose of the shrm is to deploy right people for the right task and look after the flexibilty and training and development of employees.The purpose of Shrm can only be achieved by proper planning and implementation. Task 1.3 Contribution of SHRM In todays economy the HRM plays an important role in achieving the main objective of the organization. it has lot to contribute as the policies of the organization is set by the Human resource management jointly with the approval of the senior level management hence a lot is depend on the contribution of SHRM in the organization .For any HRM to make positive contribution to the organizational achievements it is necessary that the HRM should know the business ,the core competencies and their competitive advantage along with expectations of the organization and their customers .there is a need to evaluate key drivers in the business performance . This will help the HRM in formatting the stratergic according to the need of the organization .the organizations mission and vision is the key factor For example if the organization is a Fast Food Industry where generally the vision is customer centric, customer satisfaction and the value of time. All these requires a well trained workforce usually available for the job to be done on time hence improving quality of work-life can have a substantial impact by reducing errors accidents, reducing absenteeism turnover, and improving productivity customer service. Thus contribution of the strategic human resource management in todays economy and style of business can makes substantial impact to the objectives of the organization and thus in turn participate in helping the business of the company to grow to higher limits. SHRM contribute to the paradigm of the business.Shrm provides a value added core responsibility of HRM. HR Planning: The ongoing process of systematic planning to achieve optimum use of an organizations most valuable asset its human resources.(investopedia,2011) Hr Planning assist organisations to recruit ,retain and optimize the deployment of the personnel need ed to meet the business objectives and to respond to the external environment.The three key elements of the HR planning process are forecasting labor demand, analyzing present labor supply, and balancing projected labor demand and supply. This may include the development of training and retraining strategies.(bnet,2011) Utility of Human Resource Planning in an unstable econonmic environment can be stated as follow: Employee Maintainence: Tha administration and monitoring of workplace.Safety ,Health and welfare policiesto retain competent staff and comply with the statuatory standards and regulations.Employee Maintainence gives access to the employee data in regard to the personal and workplace information. Performance Management:Accordng to Armstrong and baron -Performance Management is a process which contributes to the effective management of individuals and teams in order to achieve high levels of organisational performance. As such, it establishes shared understanding about what is to be achieved and an approach to leading and developing people which will ensure that it is achieved. Performance Management should be Strategic- About broader issues and long term goals and the Integrated -which links with the various aspects of the business ,people Management and individuals and teams. Peformance Management helps in the performance improvement and development of the individuals,teams and overall organisation.it also helps in managing behaviour iensuring that every there is better working conditions within the organisation.Performance mangament is a continuous process .Business starts of with the corporate goals and the departmental goals followed by the agreement on performance and development, leading to the development of plans betweenindividual and managers with continouous monitoring and feedback supported by formal reviews. Managers play aa important role in the performance management as they define individual behaviours ang assign duties and responsibilities and inform individuals about their accountibilities. Performance management is continuous improvement of the business processess, skills and behaviour of individuals and groups. Long Term Consequences: HR Planning main purpose is to recrit, retrain , optimise and deploy people.But HR is also responisble ethically to individuals working for the organisations.Ii has its responsibity towards individual for devolping their skills by providing them training .Training should lead the organisational effectiveness. HR is responsible towards the society for its well being following the ethical issues and the corporate governance.HR policies should be ethical and complaying with the laws. Because of the unstable Economic Environment large number of efforts are needed by the organisation sto sustain.Most of the organisations are trying to elimainate wastage like redundacy to get rid of the people who are not doing their job properly, Multitasking is pervailing and companieis are investing only on those employess who are capable and competent of multi tasking to assess sustainability. Hiring and training of new staff need lot of expenditure so companies is trying to train the staff internally from within the organisation. Task 2.1 Business Factors that underpin Human Resource Planning In an Organisation. Different business facors that underpin the Human Resource Planning in an organisation can be stated as follow: Competetive advantage: Human Resources within the organisations are treated as assets than capital.Having the Capable and Competent workforce than the competitor provides a competetive edge to organisation over the rivals. Talent management: Talent management is the systematic attraction, identification, development, engagement/ retention and deployment of those individuals who are of particular value to an organisation, either in view of their high potential for the future or because they are fulfilling business/operation-critical roles.(cipd,2011) From Business perspectives hiring those people who have the right skills that will be helpful to the organisation. Labour Market: HR Planning is affected by the labour Market which deals with the demand and supply of the skilled and unskilled workforce available in the market. Due to the Unstable economic Conditions their is to much of supply and less demand for the workforce . Strategy of the Organisation: Depending on the Strategy of the Business if they are the having a leader plan or the survival plan Hr will recruit and train staff. Finance: Heavy investment is needed in recruiting ,training and retaining staff . Different levels of management have Different raes of remuneration.According to the Finances Available to the HR Department Recriument or Training of workforce is done. Expansion or growth: Expansion or growth requires recriument and promoting of the workforce. Law: HR policies and planning has to abide by the law .Law relating to the women working, pay, holidays or the ethical issues. Internal /External Environment: Environment affect the operations and the working of the orgaistions. As the market is turbulent therefore the Hr planning is affected by the economeic conditions . Organisational need : Depending upon the structure or the culture of the organisation HR act . To provide flexibilty there can be number of part timers within the organisation. Apart from these factors HR planning is also affected by the mission and purpose of the organisation and the resource planning of the organisation. Task 2.2 HR Requirement in a given situation In a given situation HR requirement is about the workforce analysis.HR main job is to have right number of people with the right skill available for the job. Any training and development required is also analysed by the HR.HR estimates the cost of training and development. It is the responisibity of the HR to retain the staff.Basically HR is involved in all the activities related to the human resources such as recuiting,selecting, training, retaining . Task 2.3 Develop a HR Plan For an organization Organizational objectives are defined by the top management and the role of HRP is to sub serve the overall objectives by ensuring availability and utilization of human resources.   HR Demand Forecast: Helps in estimating future quantity and quality of people required. There are several good reasons to conduct demand forecasting Quantify the jobs necessary for producing a given number of goods Determine what staff-mix is required Asses appropriate staffing levels in different parts of the organization Prevent shortages of people Monitor compliance with legal requirements with regard to reservation of jobs HR Supply Forecast: Supply forecasting measure the number of people likely to be available from within and outside an organisation .Reasons for supply forecast are: Helps quantify number of people and positions expected to be available Helps clarify staff mixes that will exist in the future Assess existing staff levels in different parts of the organization Prevents shortage of people Monitors expected future compliance with legal requirements of job reservations HR Programming Once an organizations personnel and supply are forecast, the two must be reconciled or balanced in order that vacancies can be filled by the right employees at the right time. HR Plan Implementation Implementation requires converting an HR plan into action. A series of action programmes are initiated as apart of HR plan implementation. Recruitment, Selection and Placement- after the job vacancies are known, efforts must be made to identify sources and search for suitable candidates. The selection programme should be professionally designed. Training and development- The training and development programme should cover the number of trainees required and programmes necessary for existing staff Retraining and Redeployment- new skills are to be imparted to existing staff when technology changes. Retention plan- retention plan covers actions which would help reduce avoidable separations of employees. Downsizing- where there is surplus employee, trimming of labour force will be necessary Control and Evaluation Control and evaluation represents the fifth and the final stage of hrp process. It should also clarify responsibilities for implementation and control, and establish reporting procedures, which will enable achievements to be monitored against the plan. Task 2.4 Critically evaluate how a human resource plan can contribute to meeting an organisations objectives: Human Resource Planning plan for the optimum use of its human resources. HR planning therefore deals with having right people for right job at the right time. Therfore Hr is responible for fulfilling the organisational objective. Making best use of people: HR is responsible for hiring right people for the right job. Proper utilization of the capabilities of the individuals help the organisation to achieve its goal. Planning for the surplus and shortage of staff: HR plans helps the organisation about the skill and unskill labour market . If there is excess of staff then staff is made redundant or the early retirements are given to employees .but if the staff is in shortage than than the staff is hired or trained from within . Multiskilling is practised by the organisation. It is the responsibilty of the Hr to have right number of staff for the right job. Efficient utilization of people: Hr helps in the effective and efficient use of the workforce Hr helps the organisation to be cost effective by providing employees with the job rotation, job enlargement and job enrichment.Employees tend to acquire more skills by this. Succession Planning:Wendy Hirsh defines succession planning as a process by which one or more successors are identified for key posts (or groups of similar key posts), and career moves and/or development activities are planned for these successors. Successors may be fairly ready to do the job (short-term successors) or seen as having longer-term potential (long-term successors). Therefore Hr defines the right candidate to be promoted for the right post. Recriument of Efficient Staff: Talent Management is in practice which helps the organisation to gain competetive advantage over its competitors and finding the cabable and competent employee for the job. Creating a fit between the HR Strategies and business Strategy:HR need ritcto follow the policies which will help in the achievemnet of the business objectives.Strategies concerning recruiting, training, deployment and delayering should all be aliged with the business strategy to achieve business objectives. The Development and Retention of the Human resources:Beside recriument and training it is very essential for organisation to retain and develop the staff. Task 2.5 Explain the purpose of HR management policies in organisation Human resource policies are the formal rules and guidelines that businesses put in place to hire, train, assess, and reward the members of their workforce.(uslegal,2010) Rules and Norms: HR policy should follow the rules and norms and should comply with the law. Procedures- HR policies provides a clear idea about the procedures relating to the displinary. Support- HR policies provide support in regared to the working hours and the break timimngs etc. Displinary and greviaces-Policies relating to the greviances such as how the greviances by solved and what are the displinary measures and the misconduct and the gross misconduct. Performance Management: Performance management underlines the Hr policies about analysing and measuring the performance of individuals. These underline the probation time , appriasal and the reviews by the management. Employee Relations-HR policies provide support to employees in relation to any problem or information relating to the workplace. Reward Management : HR policies states the pay and remuneration of the employees and how the employees are paid . Task 2.6 Analyse the Impact of regulatory requirements on HR policies in an organisations Regulatory bodies have tremendous effect on the HR hence it is mandatory for the HR to keep the Law and regulatory authorities at priority before finalizing on HR Policies failing to do so would lead the organization into serious trouble with consequences up to heavy penalty and license being cancelled. There are a few of those policies No discrimination policy discrimination of any sort is a crime hence the HR follows the policy of no discrimination policy. Training is been given to employees on this topic which explain them what they can say or do. Equal opportunity policies where the Hr has to plan a structure to offer jobs for everyone irrespective on anything Economic : Hr sholud look after tax policies as well. Any Tax Evasion of wrong Income Shown leads to the unethical bahaviour .therefore HR policies should work ethically towards the government. Sexual or mental harassment policy: Hr takes a serious action against any employee breaking this policy Working HR Restriction policy: Hr Has to proved a contracted hours of job for immigrants that have work hour restriction for their job Social Corporate Responsibilty:it is HR responsibility to look after the welfare of the society or invest in the ecnomic infrastructure or creating jobs for the unemployed in the society. Adequate Resource and Training : HR policies should have proper measures for the training and development of workforce. Respect for employees: HR policies should support diversity in work cultures and the common law for respect for the employees and forbade the use of abusive language at work. Regular performance review: it is mandatory for the Comapnies to perform reviews of employees as it provide the idea of the working of employees. There are various policies and procedure that has to be implemented by the HR due to the legal restrictions of the government . Task 3.1 Impact of Organisational structure on HR: An organizational structure consists of activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision, which are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims (wikipedia,2010) An organisation s structure is presented as an organisational chart which shows how management is organised vertically with layers of hierarchy and horizontally by function, product or division.There are three main types of organisational structure: tall ,hierarchical,flat hierarchical and matrix.In the centralized structure decision making power is concentrated in the top layer of management and in the decentralised structure decision making power is distributed. HR do not have much power to exercise in the traditional structure but in regard of the decentralised Hr have rights and power to exercise. Hr helps in improving the communication between managers ,supervisors and employees.It helps in allocating the roles ,powerand responsibilities are delegated ,controlled and coordinated. Task 3.2 Impact of organization culture on HR: The specific collection of values and norms that are shared by people and groups in an organization and that control the way they interact with each other and with stakeholdersHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stakeholder_(corporate) outside the organization.(wikipedia,2011) Role culture also known as the Greek temple ; classical structure, bureaucratic nature, roles more important that the people who fill them. Position power predominates and expert power tolerated. This culture serves the cause of structure.This type of culture is normally for the Army or the Home Office. Hr define the role properly for every individuals. Task culture also known as the Net; the focus is on completing the job. Individuals expertise and contribution are highly valued. Expert power predominates, but both personal and position power are important. The unifying force of the group is manifested in high levels of collaboration. NHS nurses and doctor are the examples of the tash culture.There is continouous training needed for the jobs. Person culture also known as a Cluster or Galaxy; a loose collection of individuals usually professionals sharing common facilities but pursuing own goals separately. Power is not really an issue, since members are experts in their own right. This type of culture serves the individual. Accountant,businessman are the examples.No hr is needed for the person culture as the individuals take their own decision and do not require any staff. Task 3.3 How effectiveness of HR is monitored:- Performance appraisal (PA) is one of the important components in the rational and systemic process of human resource management. The information obtained through performance appraisal provides foundations for recruiting and selecting new hires, training and development of existing staff, and motivating and maintaining a quality work force by adequately and properly rewarding their performance. There are two primary purposes of performance appraisal: evaluative and developmental. The evaluative purpose is intended to inform people of their performance standing. The collected performance data is used to reward high performance. The developmental purpose is intended to identify problems in employees performing the assigned task. The collected performance data is used for training and development purposes.The effectiveness of HR can be monitored by auditing the following functions of the Human resources like Hiring Procedures/Recruitment/Interviewing:- the quality of the hiring procedure ,recruitment and the interviewing criteria Reference Checking Process :- To thoroughly check the reference provided by the employee New Employee Orientation Program:- the Quality of the orientation programmed for fresh employees Salary Reviews/Compensation Issues :- the Time Taken to provide solution to these issues Employee Benefits Programs :- Are these programmed Worth for the employees HR Policies and Procedures :- their Adherence quality Employee Handbook :- How well it is reviewed Job Descriptions for Key Positions:- if the employees know about their duties and responsibilities. Cross Training :- Quality of Checking if the training was worthy enough for the employee Skills Assessments : criteria to assess the skills of the employee Staff Mentoring : the degree or the quality of mentoring provided to the staff by the HR if situation arises where a staff needs mentoring (htr,2010) Task 3.4 Recommendation to improve the effectiveness of HRM Below are some recommendations Have a check on the composition of the audit team which audits the performance of the HR. have a member of HR in the team representing the HR Review the values and the Mission statements of the HR Review the effectiveness of the Hr policies in getting the polices adhere to the desired result KPIs ( Key performance indicators should be set for Hr functions and should be monitored performance monitoring for the implementation for the planning made by the HR in the next six months also implementation and proper execution of the trading or other activity assigned for the employees. The time or the period taken by the HR to solve or rectify or address a query shall also be monitored and their follow up for the same has to be made. Appointing a consultant to examine the HR of a given Company would be a better option Conclusion Human Resource Planning helps ,in selection,recruiting,training and appraising . HR department helps the organisation to gain competetive advantage over its competitor by selecting the employees with the right skill to do the right job. HR now a days is focussing more on the talent management.Concepts like psycological contract ,learning organisations are getting into practise to increase the efficiency and productivity of employees. Refrences: Inroduction of SHRM available[online] http://www.rim.edu.bt/Publication/Archive/rigphel/rigphel2/people_mgt.htm [accessed 24th January 2011] Image of organisational culture adopted [online]http://changeworksblog.com/category/viral-change-change-management/ accessed [14th January 2011] defination of personnel management available [online]http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/personnel-management.html accessed[ 14th January 2011] HRM Available[online]http://humanresources.about.com/od/glossaryh/f/hr_management.htm [accessed 24th January 2011] Defination of SHRM avaliable [online]http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?HYPERLINK http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585HYPERLINK http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585id=549585 accessed [14th January 2010] HR Planning Available[online]http://www.bnet.com/topics/human+resource+planning accessed[24th January 2011] Image of HR Available [online] http://rphrm.curtin.edu.au/2006/issue2/strategic.html[Accessed 18th January 2011] HR Planning Available(online)http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/human-resource-planning.asp [accessed 24th January 2011] Utility of HR Planning available[online]http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/perfmangmt/general/perfman.htm [accessed 24th January 2011] Talent Management Available[online]http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/recruitmen/general/talent-management.htm?IsSrchRes=1 [Accessed 25thJanuary 2011] Human Resource Policies Available[online] http://definitions.uslegal.com/h/human-resource-policies/ [Accessed 25th January 2011] Organisational structure Available[online]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisational_structure [Accessed 25th January 2011] Defination of Organisational Culture Available[online] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture [Accessed 25th January 2011] HR Effectiveness Available[online]http://www.htr.org/hrmanagement.asp [accessed25th January 2011] Doherty N.,Tyson S.,1999Human Resource Excellence.,Cranfield School of Mnagement.,Financial TimesManagement. Anthony P.W.et al.,1995.Strategic Human Resource Management,Dryden Press. Image of Evolution of SHRM available [online] http://www.brighthub.com/office/project-management/articles/77199.aspx?p=2 [accessed 18th January 2011] DEST Strategic Human Resource management Framework Available[online] http://www.annualreport2007.dest.gov.au/chapter_eight/people_management.htm [accessed 18th January 2011] Workforce planning Available[online] http://www.cciq.com.au/Business-Skills/Adult-Learning/What-training-is-right-for-your-business[ Accessed 19th January 2011]

Consequences of Steroids in Sports Essay examples -- Sports Atheletes

Consequences of Steroids in Sports Every year high school, college, and professional athletes try to get just ?a little bigger,a little stronger,? and to increase the amount of weights they lift by, ?just a few pounds.? To achieve these goals athletes often turn to anabolic steroids to aid them in achieving their goals. Anabolic steroids are a quick, but dangerous way to increase muscle mass, and they can carry many risks including some life threatening side affects. Years after taking steroids athletes can live to have serious heart problems, sterility, or possibly not even live, all because of foolish decisions they made in the past. These potentially fatal drugs are not widely known by young athletes at all, because they don?t know about the risks that can go along with them. In school, every student is taught about marijuana, cocaine,heroin, sex, liquor, and all those other health risks, but they?re never taught about ?roids? or ?juice.? (slang words for steroids) That should be changed, because it is known that s tudent athletes often use steroids, not knowing the risks. Many times they take the risk because they hear about professional athletes taking steroids. But, despite their widespread use in sports, steroids can have more negative than positive effects on athletes of all types. Steroids are chemical substances that can be made naturally by the body or produced synthetically. There are many different types of steroids that are used for different things other than just athletes enhancing muscles. For example, there are types of steroids that can be used by women as birth control pills, and other types that are used for menopause treatment. The abuse of steroids is almost always found to be in the case of athletes, and that is the focus of this paper. ?All anabolic steroids are synthetic compounds whose molecular structure is similar to that of the natural male sex hormone testosterone. Testosterone affects development of the male body in two important ways: it has an anabolic effect - i ncreases growth, especially of muscular and skeletal tissue - And an androgenic effect - increased development of male sexual characteristics. Anabolic steroids are constructed stythetically in such a way that they maximize the anabolic effect of testosterone while minimizing the androgenic effect.? The way that steroids work can easily be interpreted by a foo... ...d possibly sterility. Think of the body as an outlet, and the steroids are plugs. It is the steroids job to make sure that everything gets energy and runs smoothly. When working with the right amount of plugs, the steroids are usually successful. However, when extra plugs are forced to go into the same socket, the power can go out. The effect that the plugs were originally supposed to achieve are now backwards. Similarly, when steroids appear naturally in the body, they do their job well, but when foreign steroids are introduced into the body, destructive ends usually follow. We see from this example of steroid abuse that if normal function progresses to an extreme shape, healthy functioning becomes a disease. Works Cited University of Florida( 2004) Benefits of Strength Training. Retrieved April 9, 2005, from http://www.recsports.hhp.ufl.edu/fitness/strength/benefits.htm Goldstein, Joshua (2001) War and Gender: How Gender Shapes the War System and Vice Versa. Cambridge University Press. Keteyian, Dr. Steven(2000, October 10). Exercise Boosts Mental, Physical Health. Retrieved April 12, 2005, from http://psycport.com/news/2000/10/10/DTNS/000-0286-Keyword.Missing.html

My Thoughts About Worldviews

A worldview, in my opinion, is the way you look at the world and how you see God; a worldview is a set of beliefs that directs the way you act. To determine your worldview, you must ask yourself a few questions. Some of these questions include: Who is God? Where did I come from? Why do I exist? What is my purpose in life? Answers in Genesis defines a worldview as â€Å"the overall perspective from which one sees and interprets the world. A worldview is a collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by an individual or a group. †[1] To make this definition easier to understand, I’ll use an analogy. A worldview is like a pair of glasses.If you get the right prescription, you’ll be able to see really clearly. If you get the wrong prescription, it could make your eyes worse and make everything blurry. Just like how the glasses make a big difference in your life, your worldview makes an even bigger difference. Your worldview influences the way you live and m ake choices. For example, the worldview can show how a teen could do their homework. If he was Christian and wanted to do everything for the glory of God, he would do his homework the best he could. If he was a Post-Modernist and wanted to please himself, he might not do his homework to do something â€Å"fun†.Having the right worldview is very important. The Christian worldview includes monotheism which is the belief in one God. Not only do Christians believe in a personal, knowable Creator but he believes in the Trinity. The Trinity is God being in three parts: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. To most people, this is very confusing because they don’t understand how God can be three in one. In this case, Christians go to heaven not because of their works but because of God’s grace. God displayed His grace when He died on the cross for us. Christians get most of their information from the Bible.This is the foundation for a Christian’s philosophy. Since Christians believe in God, their philosophy includes believing in the supernatural. As for the Christian view of metaphysics, one would go to John 1:1-4 for an answer: â€Å"All things were made by God. †[2] For their view of cosmology, they believe that there was no accident; God created the world with a purpose and it shows how great God is. Christian philosophers also believe the mind is a reflection of God, and that it is evidence of Him. Some great Christian philosophers are C. S. Lewis and Francis Schaeffer.A Christian’s ethic is grounded in the character of God, which is known because of the Bible. This is the reason why ethics goes hand in hand with theology. Christians do not have rules that differ for each person, instead, they have moral absolutes. This is â€Å"the belief that an absolute ethical standard exists for all individuals regardless of era or culture. †[3] As followers of Christ, Christians have a huge responsibility: â€Å". . . lov e the Lord your God with all you heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself. [4] Jesus tells us to love our neighbor because loving your neighbor is like loving your Lord, and when we serve our neighbors, we’re serving Him. Biology, however, starts with the creation of the world in six literal days. The Bible states that â€Å". . . God created mankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male and female he created them. †[5] If you kept reading, you would find that God created the world with order, design, and purpose. Michael Behe, the author of Darwin’s Black Box, came up with the phrase â€Å"irreducible complexity. † A bacteria flagellum is irreducibly complex.This means that if the flagellum lost one of its parts, the flagellum would not work. This denies evolution by saying that the flagellum could not have evolved because it needed every part to work. â€Å"Th e biblical worldview is about viewing everything-our friendships, careers, property, environment, interaction, ultimate responsibilities, even our homework-the way God views it and talks about it in Scripture. †[6] Muslims believe in monotheism, just like Christians, but they believe in a different god. They believe that Allah is god and that Muhammad is his messenger.They do not think Allah is a knowable god and they do not believe in the Trinity. They do not believe in heaven but they believe in a paradise and to go there you must do a certain amount of good deeds. Also, Muslims must complete some tasks, often called pillars. These pillars include: confession, prayer, fasting, almsgiving, pilgrimage, and in some cases, jihad. Like Christians, Muslims have a book of scripture, called the Qur’an, written by Muhammad. Islam philosophy also believes in the supernatural because of Allah. Muslim philosophers, and some Christian philosophers, use the Kalam Cosmological Argum ent for the existence of God.Although Muslims do believe in miracles, Muhammad never performed any. This created some doubts but they still had faith in Muhammad. Some great Islamic philosophers are Ahmad and Yusif Ali Hammuda Abdalat. Like Christians, Muslims believe in moral absolutes. However, these absolutes come from Muhammad and the Qur’an (or Hadith), rather than Allah, because Muslims believe that Allah cannot be known. To help Muslims follow moral obligations, they follow the Five Pillars. Unlike Christians, Muslims are motivated to do good because of their fear of judgement.Another similarity with Christians and Muslims is the belief that a god created the earth with order, design, and purpose. Sometimes, there can be contradictions. Some Muslims think the earth was created in six days and others think it was eight days. Also, some think the days were ages instead of 24 hours. There is one big difference between Christians and Muslims: the fall of man. Muslims belie ve that man sinned but they do not believe that man was cursed. Secular Humanists believe in atheism. This means they do not believe in a god. God is not the only thing the Secular Humanists do not believe.They do not believe in Satan, angels, or souls. They think instead of God creating us, we created Him just like we created Santa Claus. Although they do not believe in a god, they still tolerate religions. Unlike Muslims and Christians, they do not believe in an afterlife. Books that are very popular among Secular Humanists are the Human Manifestos I, II, and III. Secular Humanist philosophy does not believe in the supernatural. They only believe in things that are made out of matter; this is also called naturalism. Since Secular Humanists don’t believe in the supernatural, they deny all miracles.Another problem for not believing in supernatural things is the mind and body problem. This is a problem because they do not believe in supernatural. Secular Humanists believe the mind is a â€Å"manifestation of the brain. †[7]If you do not believe in the supernatural, you could not think because it is not made of matter. Some famous Secular philosophers are Corliss Lamont and Carl Sagan. The ethics of a Secular Humanist is that everyone has their own ethics. Unlike in Christianity or Islam, Humanists avoid absolutes. Everyone chooses what is right by what they think is right or whatever fits the situation. This is also called moral relativism.Secular Humanists use reason to determine what is right or wrong. As for Secular Humanists, they believe in Neo-Darwinism. This is â€Å"the theory that new species were made from natural selection acting over vast periods of time on chance genetic mutations in reproductively isolated populations. †[8] They also believe in spontaneous generation and the big bang theory. Both of these ideas talk about how everything was made randomly without a god. Secular Humanists have six â€Å"planks† they hold their biology on: spontaneous generation, natural selection, struggle for existence, beneficial mutations, adaptations, and the fossil record.Marxists and Leninists, like Secular Humanists, are called scientific atheists. Unlike the secular humanists, they do not tolerate religion, they hate it and want to get rid of it! Karl Marx said that we created religion in order to worship ourselves. He said this but he also believes that we are gods so we should take reality and use to our liking. Like Secular Humanists, Marxists-Leninists do not believe in an afterlife. They believe the book related to Marxism-Leninism is the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxist-Leninist philosophy isn’t called naturalism or supernaturalism.It is called Dialectical Materialism. There is no god in this philosophy but they call many Christian attributes, dialectical matter. This means that something begins with a thesis. Eventually, an antithesis is made and then the thesis an d antithesis combine and make a synthesis. This process repeats many times. For a Marxist-Leninist, their epistemology has faith in science. Their view of metaphysics is that the earth is all that exists and the only thing that will exist. As for the mind/body problem, Marxists and Leninists think the mind is a reflection of matter and then it is translated into thought.Some famous Marxist-Leninist philosophers are Frederick Engels and Vladimir Lenin. Marxists-Leninists have a different kind of morality: proletariat morality. This is â€Å"the ethical belief that whatever advances the proletariat and the cause of communism is morally good and whatever hinders the proletariat or communism is morally evil. †[9] This is pretty much saying that people who are trying to get rid of the class system are good, and whoever is trying to interfere is evil. Marxists-Leninists also believe that morality is constantly changing. Lastly, Marxists-Leninists want a classless society, also call ed utilitarianism.They believe that if we have a classless society, we will all be considered moral. Like Secular Humanists, Marxists-Leninists believe in spontaneous generation but, contrary to Darwinism, they believe in punctuated evolution. This is â€Å"the theory of evolution that proposes that evolutionary changes occur over a relatively quick period of time, followed by periods of little to no evolutionary change. †[10] Cosmic Humanism is a little different than the worldviews we have talked about so far. Cosmic Humanists are not monotheists or atheists; they believe in pantheism.This means they believe everything is God (eg. nature and humans). Also, they do believe in an afterlife but they believe in reincarnation. Not only do you live after you are dead but you have had previous lives. For Cosmic Humanism, there is no book like other worldviews. In my opinion, I think they just look at movies. Cosmic Humanist philosophy is also different from previous philosophies. They believe everything is supernatural (non-naturalism). They also embrace Zen Buddhism. This is the belief that you can become enlightened through meditation and self-contemplation.A Cosmic Humanist’s ontology is, in a way, like a Marxist or a Secular Humanist. A Marxist/Secular Humanist believes everything is material and a Cosmic Humanist believes EVERYTHING is spiritual. As for their view of epistemology, they believe we need to get in touch with our higher self. Since we are all gods, Cosmic Humanists believe in truth relativity. This means, truth is whatever each person thinks it is. A couple of Cosmic Humanist philosophers are Joseph Campbell and Neale Donald Walsch. Out of all the ethical systems, the Cosmic Humanist’s is the easiest to understand.Since everyone is God, we all do good all the time. Everyone does what they feel is right so you can’t judge. This is another example of moral relativism. As for their system of justice, they believe in karma. They think that if you do good, good things will come but if you do bad, you will be punished for it. Cosmic Humanists believe in something very different. This is called cosmic evolution. Cosmic evolution is the idea that â€Å"all humanity is going toward a new age of higher consciousness. †[11] All Cosmic Humanists are trying to get into an age of higher consciousness and become gods.Also, they believe in the idea that all living things make up one, complex living organism ( The Gaia Hypothesis). Postmodernists are also atheists. Not only are they atheists but they believe in something called the â€Å"Death of God† theology. This is â€Å"a movement that was essentially promoting the idea that religion did not need to invoke ‘God’ in the area of theology. †[12] Something that is different from the other worldviews is that Postmodernists like to be ambiguous. They also believe there are no universal truths (relativism) so they, like Secular Huma nism, tolerate religion (pluralism).Finally, Postmodernists have a â€Å"trend† called emergent churches. It is a church that is incorporating Postmodernism into a Christian’s theology. Post-Modernists’ philosophy is called Anti-Realism. This means reality is anything a human can think up. Since a human can think up reality, a human can also have their own truth (subjective truth), and when they read something, it can mean whatever they want it to mean (deconstruction). Because a human can have their own truth and reality, there is no metaphysics, ontology, cosmology, or epistemology. Strangely, there are still influential philosophers.A couple of them are Jean-Francois Lyotard and Jacques Derrida. As for Postmodernists, they follow cultural relativism. Cultural relativism is â€Å"the belief that truth and morals are relative to one’s culture. †[13] Although they believe that Postmodernism is the best worldview, they still call it relative. Commun ity morals are determined by coercion and consensus. Like Marxists-Leninists, Postmodernists think morality evolves with society. Lastly, Post-Modernists affirms in punctuated evolution. They believe in evolution because they like the idea that man is insignificant and because they like the thought of chance.